Hongyi Zhixinghui LectureEthiopia Sugar DaddyRecorded Moderate Chapters (1)
——The 259th Lecture strong>
Author: An Jinge(Grade 2014, Department of Philosophy, Hunan University of Science and Technology)
Source: The author authorizes Confucianism Online release
Time: Confucius was born in the year 2568, Dingyou, March 25, Wuyin
Jesus 2017 April 21, 2018
1. Explanation
What we are going to study tonight is the last chapter of “Commentary on Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books”, “Zhongyong Chapters”, which is based on Zhu Zi’s “Zhu Zi Quotations” After standing up, Lan Mu looked at her son-in-law, smiled slightly and asked, “My flowers won’t cause any trouble to your son-in-law, right?” “Read “The Great Learning” first to establish its scope. Then read “The Analects of Confucius” “, to establish the most basic foundation, read “Mencius” first to stimulate his transcendence, and then read “The Doctrine of the Mean” to exhaust its subtleties. “When reading this, beginners should not pay attention to it. They need to finish reading the other three books. Read it again after you have understood the principles. Zhu Zi called it “the inner method taught by Confucius” in “The Doctrine of the Mean”, “if you let it go, you will merge with the Liuhe, and if you roll it up, you will retreat into the secret”. Therefore, the principles of “The Doctrine of the Mean” are very profound and should be learned last.
2. Discussion
The article “The Doctrine of the Mean” is very similar to a modern essay , so “doctrine of the mean” is to a large extent a comprehensive synthesis of principles and a structural concept. Doctrine of the mean permeates the religious intuition and perception in the philosophical expression and argumentation, allowing people to return to the way of heaven in mind and at the same time stay grounded. In practicing moral character in reality, studying the relationship between heaven and man, integrating internal and external principles, and connecting between ordinary and holy people, we can achieve the highest value of life.
Let’s first look at the meanings of “medium” and “yong” and the relationship between the two to have a preliminary basic understanding.
Yong: use, use, action, and implementability; it is an ordinary behavior, that is, a behavior that should be practiced and realized by everyone anytime and anywhere. It is widely and properly ET Escorts‘s behavior (no fault, no less than), so Cheng Zi said: What is not easy is mediocre.
中: Internal, from the mouth丨, high and low. It is the origin of creation that “creates couples” to coordinate yin and yang, and it is a real existence endowed by day after tomorrow. Ethiopia Sugar Daddy is the highest among the six heavens. The goodness connects the gods. (From the mouth, it is a poetic expression of male and female coitus)
“Zhong” is the basis for the establishment of “yong”. If the words are mediocre, they are not to the point, and the content of life is not obvious. , the meaning is not established; the words are not mediocre. It has nothing to do with life and becomes just a suspended concept.
Therefore, the golden mean is not only a broad methodological criterion for the practice of human morality (the application of the golden mean), but also a way of being a human beingEthiopians Sugardaddy is based in a place of supreme virtue and goodness. The Confucius said: As a human being, if you choose the mean, if you achieve a good thing, then keep it in mind and never let it go.” Confucius said: Doctrine is the ultimate virtue!
Before reading the text, we ET EscortsLook at what Zhu Zi said in “Preface to Chapters and Sentences of the Doctrine of the Mean”: “What is the Doctrine of the Mean? Zisi Zizi was worried that Taoism would be lost and he wrote it! “So, what is the meaning of what Zisi said? According to Mr. Xu Fuguan’s point of view in “History of Chinese Humanity”, the doctrine of the mean is what Confucius said in “The Analects of Confucius” Zigong Matter: “Zigong said: Master’s articles can be obtained and heard. The Master’s words about nature and the way of heaven cannot be heard but can be heard.” This sentence raises two questions, namely
1. How are nature and the way of heaven connected?
2 How can Confucius’s articles be connected with nature and the way of heaven? “>Ethiopia Sugar
Moral Practice “Your mother-in-law is just a commoner, but you are the daughter of a scholar’s family. The gap between the two of you makes her less confident. She will naturally be approachable towards you. , amiable. “My daughter is the embodiment of the saint’s life)
We read and studied the article in the first half of this morning.The first sentence of the first chapter of this book
The first sentence has caused a lot of discussion in the history of philosophy, such as “Destiny is called nature”Ethiopians Sugardaddy, here it does not say who the heaven “ordered” sex to, so there are two ways of reading it, it refers to the most spiritual person among the people in Liuhe, and One is “What’s wrong?” He plays dumb. He thought he couldn’t escape this hurdle, but he couldn’t tell it, so he could only pretend to be stupid. Order is given to all things, which leads to the distinction between the nature of things and the nature of human beingsET Escorts; “willfulness is called Tao” is not clear either Which subject is “willful”? “Cultivating Taoism is called teaching” does not say whether everyone can practice Taoism or whether it specifically refers to saints cultivating Taoism and establishing religion. So when we talk about it, we just start with “people”.
Original text; destiny is called nature, willfulness is called Tao, and cultivating the Tao is called teaching
Translation: The inner essence of all things given by the destiny is Xing, and what follows the nature and practices it is Tao. The concrete realization of Tao is called political teaching.
IET Escorts Let’s first look at the first sentence: Destiny means sex.
Because we have discussed “fate” and “manifest destiny” in previous Hongyi Zhixing meetings, let’s first compare these two categories.
1 Fate: ① Fate of the time, that is, the fate determined by the current situation and fortune, with a kind of historical objective inevitability. For example, Confucius sighed: “The beautiful water is so vast! Ethiopia Sugar If the hills are not good enough, life will be ruined!” In his later years, he often sighed: ” “If the phoenix does not arrive, if the river does not flow out of the picture, I am no longer a husband.” “It is so bad that I have declined, and I will no longer dream of Duke Zhou!” This sigh reveals Confucius’s sadness about the unfavorable situation of his life. ②The life of death and life, that is, human beings have a temporal existence that has a beginning and an end, and must exist in various social relationships Ethiopians Escort, so We are faced with occasional and temporary events that may occur all the time, and many situations cannot be controlled by the subject.control. (Learning from Heidegger here)
2. Destiny: Destiny is a concept inherited from primitive religion and has religious implications, but this destiny is not a simple one. Shandi picked up the relationship between heaven and man from the beginning of modern religion, but carried out a creative transformation. Zhu Zi explained in “Annotations to the Four Books Chapters and Sentences” that “Heaven uses Yin, Yang and the Five Elements to transform all things.” Therefore, the “Heaven” here is a creation entity with its own roots, and “Destiny” is the nature of human beings. , becomes the highest source of value, thereby providing ontological support. This is a perceptual meaning Ethiopians Sugardaddy, not a mystical path. This is verified by Confucius’s lower education and higher education. Fifty-year-old people know that the destiny of heaven is actually a comprehensive exposure of the moral character contained in human life, and it is the overall manifestation of human life; , gives the most basic provisions and becomes the nature (goodness) of human beings. Confucius said many things about his love of learning, such as “If you learn something easy at fifty, you can make no big mistakes.” Love of learning means correction. It is a dynamic process that constantly develops, enriches, and transcends one’s own life in denial. It is also a naturally conscious person. Throughout the process, Confucius never ended his pursuit of the truth, so he said: He will die in the morning if he hears the Tao in the evening! When it comes to not talking about nature and the way of heaven, I think we can use a saying often said by the Neo-Confucians of the Song and Ming Dynasties. This is based on their own considerations. Therefore, the promotion of virtue and the understanding of the way of heaven require deep inner practice of the subject and should not be encouraged!
The introduction of “Destiny” enables people to understand that their own nature is ordained by God, and the intrinsic relationship with God enables people to develop horizontally in the infinite experience world life. Open up an infinite and transcendent moral sacred world, make people aware of the need to establish their own life positivity, and then open up infinite value, so that they will not become “impermanent things” floating upward or sinking downward; the broad, superb, and It is not difficult for people to find and write poems about distance. He is a rare young genius in Beijing. How can you not be seduced and smitten by yourEthiopia Sugarwonderful fiancé? Seeking, there is a sense of nobility and responsibility that is elegant and self-responsible in the world.
So “the destiny of nature is called nature” solves the interconnected relationship between nature and the way of heaven. Nature and the way of heaven are originally one, not two.
As mentioned above: Willfulness is called Tao.
The solution here is the connection between Master’s articles and sex and the way of heaven. It is also the unity of body and mind, knowledge and action, but it makes her angry and depressedEthiopians SugardaddySilent. Oneness.
“Rate” is a personal matter, it is a matter of ChengtianThe meaning of the command should be Ethiopia Sugar Daddy, but in other words, it is a kind of human subjective consciousness, not the spontaneous behavior of animals, so It can become “mediocre”. What goes out along the way of humanity and is practiced is the Tao. Therefore, the Tao contains Ethiopians Sugardaddy in the way of humanity, and is connected with life, ET Escorts Careers are linked together, and there is no morality outside of sex. To understand this “Tao”, we make two provisions:
“Tao” is the addition of one’s own natureEthiopia Sugar uses the process of expanding, manifesting, and achieving itself, that is, the value of why people are human, to make life “present”.
“Tao is the road that everyone walks on, and it is the basis for building a broad order. Tao is in nature, nature is based on heaven, and “heaven” is a transcendent and extensive existence , enter into an individual’s life to achieve his or her individual particularity, and they all come from heaven, so there is universality in the particularity at the same time. “Xing” is the unity of particularity and universality, and universality It manifests itself in everyone’s mediocre words and deeds.
Secondly, cultivation is called teaching
“Cultivation”, Zhu Zi. Note that it is a matter of taste, that is, turning Ethiopians Sugardaddy‘s abstract principles (principles) into concrete behavioral norms, then the practice of Taoism must be based on The conduct of saints, cultivating Taoism is a matter of politics and religion, and the concrete realization of impartiality is political religion. Politics and religion are interoperable, and politics and religion are unified. There is no way of governance outside of humane ways. If it violates humane ways, there is no way of governance. Therefore, we should cultivate Taoism at home. If you cultivate the country and the world, you will gain or lose, but you are not cultivating the Tao yourself, but cultivating objective things with the Tao, cultivating it in the family, country, world, and social life. In the objective relationship, you must not go against the human nature and human principles. Of course, when the conflicts in reality are excessive, we should adjust them to gain or lose them, and make them more reasonable and reasonable.
Then how to repair it? Give a response: Cultivation of Taoism is based on benevolence.
The realization of impartiality in politics must be based on benevolence. Only benevolence can expand the power of self-respect and others, and benevolence can respect othersEthiopia SugarEveryone’s Ethiopia Sugar Daddy individuality, dispels the ruler’s will for power, so “tyranny” means to rule others by others, which is the way of loyalty and forgiveness, thus making everyone Each follows its own nature, and then all things develop; it is also the guiding influence of the sage who consciously realizes that “the virtue of a righteous person is the virtue of a gentleman”, and that “the Tao is based on virtue, and the harmony is based on propriety”.
Second half:
Original text: The way is, if you can’t leave in a moment, you can leave, but it is not the way. Therefore, a righteous man should be careful about what he does not see and be afraid of what he does not hear. Don’t see it, don’t hide it, don’t show it. Therefore, a gentleman should be careful about his own actions. When joy, anger, sorrow, and joy have not yet arisen, they are called in the middle. When they are all in the middle, they are called harmony. The middle one is the foundation of the world. He who is harmonious is the master of the whole country. To achieve neutrality, Liuhe will be in position and all things will be nurtured.
Translation: Tao, time cannot be separated. If it can be separated, it is not Tao. Therefore, a gentleman will be cautious even in places where everyone can’t see him, and he will be restrained in places where everyone can’t hear him, and he won’t dare to be lazy. In the deep place, I have never seen the hidden things, but I have clearly felt it in my heart; when I have not noticed the subtle things, but when my mother heard that the Pei family was actually a scholar, a farmer, and an industrialistEthiopians EscortThe businessman family with the lowest status in the family suddenly became excited and raised the banner of opposition, but his father took itET Escorts If you come, Ethiopia Sugar Daddy has already appeared in your heart, so a gentleman needs energy Convergence and clarity, high degree of provincial inspection.
That is, in terms of cultivation time and performance!
First of all, why is it necessary to practice self-cultivation? “Shangshu” says that “the human heart is only dangerous, but the Taoist heart is weak.”
Everyone has his own nature, that is, everyone has his own way. The way is inherent in human life, so it cannot be separated for a moment, and it cannot be separated, so it must be seen in daily life. In life, to a large extent, people follow their will and often manifest chaos, conflict and conflict. At this time, it is not suitable to be impartial. The nature of destiny is latent, not present, and has never played a role.
“Be wary of what you don’t see, be afraid of what you don’t hear.” The concern in the middle is not to grasp some internal objects by externally projecting sensory perceptions, but to be concerned. It is the inner self that is both “hidden” and “subtle”The operation arouses his caution and fear (it has nothing to do with external pressure, not anything in particular, just the entire field of his own existence), which is the realization that Tao and humanity are incompatibleEthiopians Sugardaddy The natural result of separation reflects the most obvious reality of life in subtle and subtle ways. “Shendu”‘s “You may never go to Ethiopian Sugardaddy.” Let’s get along well in the future…” Pei Yi said with a look on his face He looked at his mother pleadingly. “It is the “meaning” of “sincerity”, which is the inner motive. It is unknown to others and only known. This highlights the subjectivity and consciousness of people. Luo Qinshun said that being cautious is a clean break. Kung Fu, I think, is very appropriate. It is a direct method of saving good and moving away from evil. It is stubborn and persistent.
Impartiality is inherent in humanity, and its realization depends on self-understanding and reflection with a sincere heart. Being cautious is not only the undeveloped humanity The personal experience of the original peaceful state is also the personal experience of the existential meaning of destiny, that is, the personal experience of the “big book” of the world. Therefore, Shendu is not only concerned about the motives of his own actions, but also the motivations behind hidden behaviors. structure. But is being cautious about independence just a private matter? From the use of “neutralization” below, it is obvious that this is not the case. Being cautious actually opens people’s hearts to the outside. This is related to whether the norms of human society can be harmonious. In an ethical and religious sense, it is the way to be a human being. a manifestation of.
The above mentioned “neutralization”. Since willfulness is the Tao, why does it refer to the inner being? Let us follow the practice of Shen Du in saying this. What disturbs the nature of destiny is the joy, anger, sorrow and joy that come from desires. They should be hidden within. Before they arise, we should practice the practice of Shen Du so that there is no desire at all. The selfishness makes the nature of destiny fully manifest: “Zhong” is first of all a mental state that is not biased or stuck on one side. Therefore, “The Great Learning” says: “If the body is angry, it cannot be righteous; If there is fear, it cannot be right; if there is pleasure, it cannot be right; if there is sorrow, it cannot be right.” The Analects also says: “The Fourth Master: No intention, no necessity, no solidity, no self! “Secondly, “Zhong” is a real existence endowed by the day after tomorrow. Human beings are an existence that embodies the Liuhe. People “participate with Liuhe” through the inherent “Zhong” in each person. “Zhong” is an ontological state. Rather than a quiet mental state, “Zhong” can be appropriately applied to the inner self where “emotions, anger, sorrows and joys have not yet arisen”, and “harmony” marks the actual achievements achieved by people when “all the emotions are in the middle”, which is consistent with Ethiopia Sugar DaddyThe divisions of external objects are consistent and continuous; the “middle” is the ultimate basis for existence, that is, the “whole”The foundation of the country”, and “harmony” is the manifestation process of its self-expression, that is, the “dao of the world”. If everyone promotes it to the extreme, he can achieve the “heaven and earth position, the cultivation of all things”, so Whether all things in the world can be neutralized depends on whether human civilization can be neutralized.
Editor: Liu Jun